In winter, low-temperature crops are also prone to pests and diseases. When applying pesticides, it is crucial to follow the recommended dilution ratio strictly. Do not reduce the amount of water arbitrarily, as this can affect the effectiveness of the treatment.
1. Extend the safety interval for crops. Winter conditions slow down the degradation of pesticides, which means they remain in the crops for a longer period. Especially when dealing with vegetables and flowers, it's essential to extend the time between pesticide application and harvest to protect human health and avoid poisoning incidents.
2. Adding a small packet of "medicine primer" or 15 grams of vegetable oil to each barrel of the solution can improve adhesion, but this should not be used on vegetables due to potential residue issues.
3. Adjust the dosage appropriately. The lethal dose of pests varies with temperature—higher temperatures usually lower the required dose. In winter, you may need to increase the amount slightly to ensure effective control. However, the increased dosage should not exceed 50% of the standard recommendation. Always mix the pesticide according to the correct dilution ratio and avoid reducing the water volume without reason.
4. Apply pesticides on sunny, warmer days. In summer, spraying after 4 p.m. is ideal because plants absorb more pesticide at that time. In winter, choose a warm, sunny day instead. For example, when using herbicides on weeds during colder weather, the weeds absorb the chemical more quickly and struggle to break it down, making the treatment more effective.
5. Prioritize soil-applied pesticides. Although they are cost-effective, they can sometimes cause phytotoxicity. However, fruit trees are less sensitive during dormancy, making products like Bordeaux mixture or lime sulfur an economical and efficient choice for pest control in winter.
6. Choose the right type of pesticide for cold weather. Stomach poisons and contact insecticides are less affected by temperature, while systemic and fumigant types are more sensitive. For instance, organophosphates such as trichlorfon, dichlorvos, and dimethoate may lose effectiveness in low temperatures. On the other hand, pyrethroids, deltamethrin, and phoxim-based products perform better in cooler conditions. Therefore, it’s best to use these types during winter. Herbicides also take longer to show results in cold weather, but once applied properly, reapplication is usually unnecessary.
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