Introduction to the inverter
The frequency converter is a power control device that converts the power frequency power source into another frequency by using the on/off function of the power semiconductor device. Mainly composed of rectification (AC to DC), filtering, inverter (DC to AC), braking unit, drive unit, detection unit micro-processing unit and so on. In general, the inverter must have several basic capabilities: 1. Energy saving; 2. Speed ​​regulation; 3. Protection functions can be divided into the following two categories:
(1) The correction operation is automatically performed after detecting the abnormal state, such as overcurrent stall prevention, and regeneration overvoltage stall prevention.
(2) After detecting the abnormality, the PWM control signal of the power semiconductor device is blocked, so that the motor automatically stops. Such as overcurrent cutoff, regenerative overvoltage cutoff, semiconductor cooling fan overheating and instantaneous power failure protection.
Application of frequency converter in machine tool industry
Due to the wide processing range of the machine tool, different workpieces, different processes, and different tools, the machine tool execution parts have different motion speeds. Therefore, the main motion of the machine tool should be able to adjust the speed, and the machine tool user can adjust the speed of the inverter products. The role is more concerned.
The main shaft is an important part of the lathe structure. It plays an important role in improving the machining efficiency, expanding the range of processing materials and improving the processing quality. The frequency converter is mainly used in the spindle speed control system. At present, the cost performance of the inverter is very high for the customer, so the frequency converter is very common on the lathe.
In order to use the general-purpose inverter smoothly, there must be two important considerations in the machine tool industry: one is to select the product without speed sensor vector control, and the other is to design the over-speed operation to improve the low-speed torque.
The characteristics of the inverter in the machine tool application
The adjustment range of the frequency conversion speed regulation is very wide, and the general-purpose inverter can achieve stepless speed regulation in the range of 0-400HZ.
Considering that machine tools require hard mechanical properties. It conforms to the characteristics of the inverter + ordinary motor (or variable frequency motor) transmission with mechanical characteristics. The ability to provide 150% load torque is generally available at low frequencies.
Considering that the machine needs to have a strong overload capability at low speeds. The frequency converter can provide 150% overload protection (60S) to meet the requirements of the equipment.
After using the frequency conversion speed regulation, the original complicated mechanical drag mechanism such as the gear transmission can be simplified, the degree of automation is high, the operation is simple, and the maintenance is convenient.
The inverter has voltage (DC0-5V, DC0-10V), current analog input interface, which can be well matched with the control signal of the CNC system.
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