The flat panel display industry is one of the core pillar industries in the field of electronic information. It is a strategic emerging industry with an annual output value exceeding 100 billion U.S. dollars. It integrates disciplines such as optoelectronics, microelectronics, chemistry, manufacturing equipment, semiconductor engineering, and materials. The characteristics of chain length and multi-field crossing have obvious effects on the upstream and downstream industries. China's display technology-related product output value accounts for about 30% of the total output value of the information industry, color TV manufacturing capacity has accounted for 47% of the global color TV industry's total processing capacity, China has become a new display-related product manufacturing country, has developed by leaps and bounds Technology and industry base.
Flat panel display technology refers to display technology represented by TFT-LCD (thin film transistor liquid crystal display), and also includes PDP (plasma display), OLED (organic light emitting display), FED (field emission display), and E-PAPER (electronic paper display). ) and other new display technologies. The overall trend of flat panel display technology will be towards the development of high image quality, on-the-spot performance, interactive multi-functional integration, energy saving and consumption reduction, and health and environmental protection.
Development Status of Flat Panel Display Technology in China In recent years, related companies, universities, and scientific research institutions have been making active and effective efforts for the development of the flat panel display industry in China. Some impressive achievements have been made with the support of the National Science and Technology Program.
1. TFT-LCD technology direction The Ministry of Science and Technology has attached great importance to TFT-LCD technology and industrial development during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, and developed the entire industry chain of upstream raw materials, equipment, screens, modules, and complete machines. The TFT-LCD production process technology and product design technology have been relatively independently mastered. Through independent innovation and cross-licensing, key enterprises have mastered core patent technologies such as AFFS and GOA, ODF, 4Mask, 120Hz drive, dynamic backlight, etc. The new technology, with a certain amount of patent and technology risk prevention capabilities, has covered everything from mobile phones, laptops, computer monitors and televisions, and special applications to product development.
2. PDP technology direction In the plasma display panel manufacturing, China mainly adopts the mainstream plasma display technology with surface discharge barriers in the world, and it acquires the plasma display technology of Korea Orion Corporation and combines the plasma of domestic companies for nearly ten years. On the basis of display technology research, mass production as a goal, local production through mass production to reduce costs, and continuously improve display performance, has now basically fully grasp the mass production technology and module product development technology, mass production yield rate has exceeded 90% of the 42-inch and 50-inch high-definition series modules successfully achieved mass production, and full HD modules will be mass-produced after trial production. At present, research on materials and devices in the upper reaches of the domestic plasma display industry has made some progress. Most of them have entered the trial verification stage and have not yet achieved large-scale industrialization.
3. OLED technology direction China has accumulated rich experience in OLED mechanism research, material development, and device structure design, and has done a lot of research work, especially in material and process technology development. Research results. China has carried out fruitful and research work in the fields of blue light complex materials, active organic light-emitting display driving technology, small-molecule light-emitting materials, and interface materials, and developed a series of red fluorescent materials with independent intellectual property rights, with a lifetime of over 15,000 hours (initial Brightness 1000cd/m2), with industrial application prospects. The single-layer devices developed in China have broken through the traditional double-layered and multi-layered structures, simplifying the material, equipment, and process preparation processes and greatly reducing production costs. In the cathode structure, the technical barrier of LiF/Al cathode structure, one of Kodak's core patents, was broken through, and new cathode structures of alkali and alkaline earth nitrides and aminates were developed.
Domestic polymer luminescent materials mainly rely on their own research and development. Although the overall performance of domestic materials is still lower than that of foreign products, it has developed rapidly. The efficiency of luminescent materials has been greatly improved, but the stability needs to be greatly improved. China has also made great progress in the development of TFT-based substrate technology and development of driver ICs for active organic light emitting display silicon-based, metal oxide-based TFT substrates.
4, FED technology direction Since 1985, China began to study the field emission cold cathode. After more than 20 years of unremitting efforts, it has carried out research work in the field of new field emission materials, field emission theory, field emission display device design and preparation. Good foundation and research characteristics, especially in the low-efficacy printed LWF field emission display, new nanowire cold cathode field emission display and diamond-like field emission display research have made great progress. On the two technical lines of low-efficacy printing and micro-nano materials, color field emission displays and backlight source prototypes have been developed. China's on-site emission display cathode material, cathode structure, device preparation and other areas to obtain important intellectual property rights, for the "Twelve Five launch field launch display research laid a good foundation.
5, e-paper technology direction China's mainland in the 1990s appeared on the use of liquid crystal display panel e-book merchandise, due to liquid crystal display panel paper display characteristics are poor and not be accepted. With the development of new liquid crystal materials, it will be possible to promote the emergence of a new generation of liquid crystal electronic paper.
Electrophoretic display has been well recognized by people because of its paper-like display performance, and has become the mainstream technology for electronic paper display commercial products. The research of electrophoretic display panel technology in mainland China started late, but the progress is fast. Domestic TFT-LCD manufacturers are also actively investing in research and development of TFT active electrophoretic display electronic paper panel technology. The use of electrophoresis to display electronic book display products for electronic paper display panels in China was in 2006, and the market scale expanded rapidly. In addition, with the development of new liquid crystal materials, it will be possible to promote the emergence of a new generation of liquid crystal electronic paper.
The future development trend of flat panel display technology 1. The trend of TFT-LCD technology The development of global TFT-LCD is shifting from growth to maturity, steadily expanding the scale of production capacity, and continuing to dominate the mainstream market of TFT-LCD displays (such as notebook computer display panels, At the same time as desktop computer display panels and LCD TV panels), they are actively approaching the application market and focus on the development of personalized and specialized products. TFT-LCD has been industrialized for nearly two decades, and its process technology and design technology are relatively mature. However, there is still room for technological innovation in reducing costs and improving product performance.
(1) Product performance improvement technology: In order to obtain high image quality (richer colors, higher brightness, higher contrast), high telepresence (larger size; clearer picture; wider viewing angle; faster response speed) and more Energy-saving (thinner, lighter, and more power-efficient) products, LED backlight technology, 120Hz drive technology, and other new technologies have been introduced to large-scale production lines, large-size ultra-high resolution technology, 240Hz drive, field sequential display, etc. Technology is also in the process of development.
(2) Low-cost technology: The production cost can be reduced by simplifying the process and increasing the yield rate. Improvements in Mask reduction technology, GOA technology and other process technologies can simplify the process and reduce costs. In addition, photo-orientation technology is gradually entering the stage of mass production research.
(3) TFT array technology: TFT is the core technology of TFT-LCD screen, and the uniformity and mobility have yet to be improved. Thin-and-thin TFT-LCD products expand application by adding value-added functions through functional integration. For higher integration, high-mobility TFT technology is the focus of research in the industry, and new structures such as oxide TFTs and organic TFTs are also under study. .
2. PDP technology direction Compared with TFT-LCD technology, the main problem of PDP technology is in high resolution and high luminous efficiency, especially in high resolution, it is difficult to compete with TFT-LCD technology, plus other factors, the current PDP is 50. There are advantages in the above-inches.
The PDP is evolving toward high brightness, high resolution (full HD/HD), high image quality, long life, and low power consumption. High luminous efficiency is a problem to be solved at present in PDPs. Improvement of luminous efficiency can significantly reduce the module composition and energy consumption. It is estimated that luminous efficiency increases from 2.5 (lm/W) to 5 (lm/W). The composition can be reduced by about 20%, and the energy consumption can be reduced by 50%. When the luminous efficiency is increased to 10 (lm/W), the mold composition can be reduced by about 50% and the energy consumption can be reduced by 75%. At present, the luminous efficiency of PDP products is 1.5-2lm/W, and there is still a large space for improvement of luminous efficiency. Sichuan Changhong Company independently researches and develops on the basis of the introduction of digestion and absorption. Through the use of low dielectric constant transparent medium technology, high Xe discharge gas technology, new MgO technology, and high luminous efficiency phosphor technology, the luminous efficiency can reach 2.2 (lm/W). The technology will be reflected in Changhong's next-generation PDP products. At that time, the PDP power consumption of 50HD will be reduced to about 200W, the driving voltage and current of the product will be further reduced, the device specifications of the driving circuit and the power supply can use lower-cost devices, and the reliability and EMI performance of the product will be further improved.
Through the research and development of gas, aperture ratio, electrode structure, barrier structure, and drive lines, the purpose of low power consumption and high efficiency display has been achieved; new electrode pastes, dielectric pastes, barrier pastes, fluorescent pastes have been adopted. The development of materials, high-speed drive technology, and single-sweep technology of FHD can improve the brightness and resolution of PDPs; through the integrated design of devices and structures and the development of new types of process equipment, the purpose of simplifying the process can be achieved. Through the improvement of the manufacturing process yield, the cost competitiveness of PDP products will be improved.
3. Direction of OLED technology Since OLEDs have the advantages of self-luminous and thin-film structures, besides the development of application technologies for AMOLED and PMOLED devices, flexible displays and OLED white light illumination will be important areas for OLED development.
The main problems plaguing OLED flexible displays are the short lifetime of the devices and the inability to control the deformation of the substrates during the manufacturing process. Therefore, solving the airtightness of the substrates and the packaging technology and the preparation process of the displays are the main topics of the OLED soft displays.
OLED has the advantages of surface light source, energy saving, low heat, light weight, thin profile, and flexible lighting. It is considered as the next generation lighting technology. The luminous efficiency of OLED lighting products currently on the market is about 20lm/W, and the lifespan is 6000 hours, but the yield and illumination brightness are not satisfactory. There is a need to solve the problems of luminous efficiency, longevity, and low-cost technology.
In the aspect of OLED materials, the development of OLED luminescent materials is very rapid, and the luminous efficiencies and luminescence lifetimes of the red, green, and blue three-color materials basically meet the practical needs. However, further improvement in color purity, luminous efficiency, and lifetime is still the main task in the near future. In particular, dark blue materials with good color purity and high luminous efficiency are still one of the major bottlenecks of OLEDs. In addition, the development of organic materials suitable for AMOLED still has a broad research space.
In the design and preparation of OLED devices, PMOLED technology and its manufacturing process have matured and entered the stage of industrialization. Small and medium-sized AMOLED display technology has also made important breakthroughs and entered the first night of industrialization. The large size AMOLED display technology is one of the key directions of current technology research, and its core technology is still the preparation technology of TFT substrate.
In short, OLED technology has initially met the requirements of practical application, and there is still much room for development in terms of materials, colorization, large size, flexible display, and lighting.
In the long run, OLEDs will develop in the direction of medium-small size, large size, large size, passive-active, and hard-screen.
4, FED technology direction In addition to the application in the display field, the development of FED is expected to expand to the backlight and lighting field, using two-pole carbon nanotube FED technology, with the drive circuit, can achieve high brightness, low power consumption, regional adjustment Light. In terms of display, the future work toward the development of improved Spindt technology, micro-nano cold cathode technology or printing technology based on low work function materials, is expected to complete the pilot or even mass production of backlight or lighting products before 2012, 2015 Started pilot and mass production of display products.
5. The direction of e-paper technology browsing “E-publication has become a fashionable reading method and gradually accepted by people. People hope to develop a low-power, high-reflectivity, wide-viewing angle, ultra-thin and lightweight portable display. Electronic paper display technology The emergence of (E-Paper technology) has made this hope a reality and has enabled flat panel display technology to open up space for application in the field of media products.
Electronic paper can be divided into electrophoretic display, cholesteric liquid crystal display technology, bistable nematic liquid crystal display and electrowetting display technology.
At present, the mainstream product of electronic paper is electrophoretic display electronic paper, and the main supplier is E-Ink, a subsidiary of Taiwan Yuantai Technology (E-Ink International Holdings Corporation). Because its market share accounts for over 95%, it is in a monopolistic position. Market pricing power. In recent years, the price of display screens using electronic paper has also declined, but the rate is not large, and the driving force for price reduction is mainly to expand the market and compete with the iPad, rather than competition between peers.
Since the nanoelectronic ink display technology is still in the early stage of commercialization of color display, the main task at present is to perfect the color display technology and develop the market as soon as possible. Its technological development trend can be summarized as follows:
(1) Development of static display to dynamic display. At present, most of the electronic papers developed can only display monochrome static images. The development of products capable of realizing color display and dynamic images is an inevitable trend in the development of electronic paper. The response time of existing products is approximately 150-200ms, which is much slower than the 5ms of LCD displays. To improve the dynamic display of e-paper, it is imperative to increase the response time.
(2) Two-color display to color display development. It is one of the ways to realize colorization of electronic paper by implementing color display by layering color filters.
(3) Hard display develops toward flexible display. The a-Si TFT technology suitable for low-temperature processes is vigorously developed. Oxide semiconductor TFTs and organic TFTs are the direction of low-temperature process TFTs, and can be used as a breakthrough for electronic paper for flexible substrates.
(4) High cost to low production cost development. The low-cost production is mainly the development and adoption of roll-to-roll technology, which is completely different from the traditional flat panel display technology. The process is simple, the efficiency is high, the equipment is also cheap, and the production cost can be greatly reduced. It is the ultimate in electronic paper production. aims.
China's flat panel display industry outlook After the international financial crisis in 2008, DisplaySearch expects the industry revenue growth rate in 2011 to be only 4%, due to shrinking market demand, reduced capacity utilization rate, panel makers experiencing serious losses, shrinking and delaying new investment budgets. The global flat panel display industry is facing a reshuffle. This situation provides the possibility for Chinese companies that are less affected by the financial crisis to obtain technology transfer, expand production capacity, and leverage the opportunity to enter the high-end market. Mainland China has become the world's largest consumer market for flat panel displays. As technology is further upgraded, the consumption of LED-backlit TVs, 3D TVs, smart phones, and tablet PCs will boost industrial development.
Coupled with the increase in rural consumption capacity and the transition from analog television to digital television, the market will continue to have a catalytic effect. The market size in the next few years is still exciting. In the past two years, global industrial investment has basically been concentrated in mainland China. Although the localization of raw materials and basic components is not sufficient, the complete industrial chain in the back-end of the complete machine in mainland China, China's flat-panel display manufacturing companies have the inherent advantages of easy integration into the market.
Faced with opportunities, China's flat panel display industry also faces more challenges. In terms of technology, there are still gaps in the development of new technologies such as high resolution, low power consumption, and low cost; in terms of patents, due to the protection of core patent barriers, the development of industries in mainland China has been greatly constrained; environmental protection, electronic information, Products are developing in the direction of energy saving and green manufacturing. Technical requirements and thresholds are higher. The required technical R&D and investment are even greater. Talent pools, industrial chain support and other links are still weaknesses, and logistics and labor costs are rising. Brought new disadvantages.
In the face of opportunities and challenges, how to adhere to the scientific concept of development, formulate industrial policies in light of China's national conditions, do a good job of the "12th Five-Year Strategic Plan and industrial cluster layout, establish and improve a diversified capital market and financing channels, and give full play to the government's To guide and mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises, but also to optimize the industrial structure, properly centralize resources, avoid redundant construction, reasonably arrange industrial layout of different display technologies, complete production factors, improve the international competitiveness of leading enterprises, make full use of preferential policies, and do a good job Some technology upgrades and new display technology research and development break through the bottleneck of upstream equipment and materials in the industry chain, seize market differentiation, individualization and specialization needs, and China's flat panel display industry will have great potential.
Flat panel display technology refers to display technology represented by TFT-LCD (thin film transistor liquid crystal display), and also includes PDP (plasma display), OLED (organic light emitting display), FED (field emission display), and E-PAPER (electronic paper display). ) and other new display technologies. The overall trend of flat panel display technology will be towards the development of high image quality, on-the-spot performance, interactive multi-functional integration, energy saving and consumption reduction, and health and environmental protection.
Development Status of Flat Panel Display Technology in China In recent years, related companies, universities, and scientific research institutions have been making active and effective efforts for the development of the flat panel display industry in China. Some impressive achievements have been made with the support of the National Science and Technology Program.
1. TFT-LCD technology direction The Ministry of Science and Technology has attached great importance to TFT-LCD technology and industrial development during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, and developed the entire industry chain of upstream raw materials, equipment, screens, modules, and complete machines. The TFT-LCD production process technology and product design technology have been relatively independently mastered. Through independent innovation and cross-licensing, key enterprises have mastered core patent technologies such as AFFS and GOA, ODF, 4Mask, 120Hz drive, dynamic backlight, etc. The new technology, with a certain amount of patent and technology risk prevention capabilities, has covered everything from mobile phones, laptops, computer monitors and televisions, and special applications to product development.
2. PDP technology direction In the plasma display panel manufacturing, China mainly adopts the mainstream plasma display technology with surface discharge barriers in the world, and it acquires the plasma display technology of Korea Orion Corporation and combines the plasma of domestic companies for nearly ten years. On the basis of display technology research, mass production as a goal, local production through mass production to reduce costs, and continuously improve display performance, has now basically fully grasp the mass production technology and module product development technology, mass production yield rate has exceeded 90% of the 42-inch and 50-inch high-definition series modules successfully achieved mass production, and full HD modules will be mass-produced after trial production. At present, research on materials and devices in the upper reaches of the domestic plasma display industry has made some progress. Most of them have entered the trial verification stage and have not yet achieved large-scale industrialization.
3. OLED technology direction China has accumulated rich experience in OLED mechanism research, material development, and device structure design, and has done a lot of research work, especially in material and process technology development. Research results. China has carried out fruitful and research work in the fields of blue light complex materials, active organic light-emitting display driving technology, small-molecule light-emitting materials, and interface materials, and developed a series of red fluorescent materials with independent intellectual property rights, with a lifetime of over 15,000 hours (initial Brightness 1000cd/m2), with industrial application prospects. The single-layer devices developed in China have broken through the traditional double-layered and multi-layered structures, simplifying the material, equipment, and process preparation processes and greatly reducing production costs. In the cathode structure, the technical barrier of LiF/Al cathode structure, one of Kodak's core patents, was broken through, and new cathode structures of alkali and alkaline earth nitrides and aminates were developed.
Domestic polymer luminescent materials mainly rely on their own research and development. Although the overall performance of domestic materials is still lower than that of foreign products, it has developed rapidly. The efficiency of luminescent materials has been greatly improved, but the stability needs to be greatly improved. China has also made great progress in the development of TFT-based substrate technology and development of driver ICs for active organic light emitting display silicon-based, metal oxide-based TFT substrates.
4, FED technology direction Since 1985, China began to study the field emission cold cathode. After more than 20 years of unremitting efforts, it has carried out research work in the field of new field emission materials, field emission theory, field emission display device design and preparation. Good foundation and research characteristics, especially in the low-efficacy printed LWF field emission display, new nanowire cold cathode field emission display and diamond-like field emission display research have made great progress. On the two technical lines of low-efficacy printing and micro-nano materials, color field emission displays and backlight source prototypes have been developed. China's on-site emission display cathode material, cathode structure, device preparation and other areas to obtain important intellectual property rights, for the "Twelve Five launch field launch display research laid a good foundation.
5, e-paper technology direction China's mainland in the 1990s appeared on the use of liquid crystal display panel e-book merchandise, due to liquid crystal display panel paper display characteristics are poor and not be accepted. With the development of new liquid crystal materials, it will be possible to promote the emergence of a new generation of liquid crystal electronic paper.
Electrophoretic display has been well recognized by people because of its paper-like display performance, and has become the mainstream technology for electronic paper display commercial products. The research of electrophoretic display panel technology in mainland China started late, but the progress is fast. Domestic TFT-LCD manufacturers are also actively investing in research and development of TFT active electrophoretic display electronic paper panel technology. The use of electrophoresis to display electronic book display products for electronic paper display panels in China was in 2006, and the market scale expanded rapidly. In addition, with the development of new liquid crystal materials, it will be possible to promote the emergence of a new generation of liquid crystal electronic paper.
The future development trend of flat panel display technology 1. The trend of TFT-LCD technology The development of global TFT-LCD is shifting from growth to maturity, steadily expanding the scale of production capacity, and continuing to dominate the mainstream market of TFT-LCD displays (such as notebook computer display panels, At the same time as desktop computer display panels and LCD TV panels), they are actively approaching the application market and focus on the development of personalized and specialized products. TFT-LCD has been industrialized for nearly two decades, and its process technology and design technology are relatively mature. However, there is still room for technological innovation in reducing costs and improving product performance.
(1) Product performance improvement technology: In order to obtain high image quality (richer colors, higher brightness, higher contrast), high telepresence (larger size; clearer picture; wider viewing angle; faster response speed) and more Energy-saving (thinner, lighter, and more power-efficient) products, LED backlight technology, 120Hz drive technology, and other new technologies have been introduced to large-scale production lines, large-size ultra-high resolution technology, 240Hz drive, field sequential display, etc. Technology is also in the process of development.
(2) Low-cost technology: The production cost can be reduced by simplifying the process and increasing the yield rate. Improvements in Mask reduction technology, GOA technology and other process technologies can simplify the process and reduce costs. In addition, photo-orientation technology is gradually entering the stage of mass production research.
(3) TFT array technology: TFT is the core technology of TFT-LCD screen, and the uniformity and mobility have yet to be improved. Thin-and-thin TFT-LCD products expand application by adding value-added functions through functional integration. For higher integration, high-mobility TFT technology is the focus of research in the industry, and new structures such as oxide TFTs and organic TFTs are also under study. .
2. PDP technology direction Compared with TFT-LCD technology, the main problem of PDP technology is in high resolution and high luminous efficiency, especially in high resolution, it is difficult to compete with TFT-LCD technology, plus other factors, the current PDP is 50. There are advantages in the above-inches.
The PDP is evolving toward high brightness, high resolution (full HD/HD), high image quality, long life, and low power consumption. High luminous efficiency is a problem to be solved at present in PDPs. Improvement of luminous efficiency can significantly reduce the module composition and energy consumption. It is estimated that luminous efficiency increases from 2.5 (lm/W) to 5 (lm/W). The composition can be reduced by about 20%, and the energy consumption can be reduced by 50%. When the luminous efficiency is increased to 10 (lm/W), the mold composition can be reduced by about 50% and the energy consumption can be reduced by 75%. At present, the luminous efficiency of PDP products is 1.5-2lm/W, and there is still a large space for improvement of luminous efficiency. Sichuan Changhong Company independently researches and develops on the basis of the introduction of digestion and absorption. Through the use of low dielectric constant transparent medium technology, high Xe discharge gas technology, new MgO technology, and high luminous efficiency phosphor technology, the luminous efficiency can reach 2.2 (lm/W). The technology will be reflected in Changhong's next-generation PDP products. At that time, the PDP power consumption of 50HD will be reduced to about 200W, the driving voltage and current of the product will be further reduced, the device specifications of the driving circuit and the power supply can use lower-cost devices, and the reliability and EMI performance of the product will be further improved.
Through the research and development of gas, aperture ratio, electrode structure, barrier structure, and drive lines, the purpose of low power consumption and high efficiency display has been achieved; new electrode pastes, dielectric pastes, barrier pastes, fluorescent pastes have been adopted. The development of materials, high-speed drive technology, and single-sweep technology of FHD can improve the brightness and resolution of PDPs; through the integrated design of devices and structures and the development of new types of process equipment, the purpose of simplifying the process can be achieved. Through the improvement of the manufacturing process yield, the cost competitiveness of PDP products will be improved.
3. Direction of OLED technology Since OLEDs have the advantages of self-luminous and thin-film structures, besides the development of application technologies for AMOLED and PMOLED devices, flexible displays and OLED white light illumination will be important areas for OLED development.
The main problems plaguing OLED flexible displays are the short lifetime of the devices and the inability to control the deformation of the substrates during the manufacturing process. Therefore, solving the airtightness of the substrates and the packaging technology and the preparation process of the displays are the main topics of the OLED soft displays.
OLED has the advantages of surface light source, energy saving, low heat, light weight, thin profile, and flexible lighting. It is considered as the next generation lighting technology. The luminous efficiency of OLED lighting products currently on the market is about 20lm/W, and the lifespan is 6000 hours, but the yield and illumination brightness are not satisfactory. There is a need to solve the problems of luminous efficiency, longevity, and low-cost technology.
In the aspect of OLED materials, the development of OLED luminescent materials is very rapid, and the luminous efficiencies and luminescence lifetimes of the red, green, and blue three-color materials basically meet the practical needs. However, further improvement in color purity, luminous efficiency, and lifetime is still the main task in the near future. In particular, dark blue materials with good color purity and high luminous efficiency are still one of the major bottlenecks of OLEDs. In addition, the development of organic materials suitable for AMOLED still has a broad research space.
In the design and preparation of OLED devices, PMOLED technology and its manufacturing process have matured and entered the stage of industrialization. Small and medium-sized AMOLED display technology has also made important breakthroughs and entered the first night of industrialization. The large size AMOLED display technology is one of the key directions of current technology research, and its core technology is still the preparation technology of TFT substrate.
In short, OLED technology has initially met the requirements of practical application, and there is still much room for development in terms of materials, colorization, large size, flexible display, and lighting.
In the long run, OLEDs will develop in the direction of medium-small size, large size, large size, passive-active, and hard-screen.
4, FED technology direction In addition to the application in the display field, the development of FED is expected to expand to the backlight and lighting field, using two-pole carbon nanotube FED technology, with the drive circuit, can achieve high brightness, low power consumption, regional adjustment Light. In terms of display, the future work toward the development of improved Spindt technology, micro-nano cold cathode technology or printing technology based on low work function materials, is expected to complete the pilot or even mass production of backlight or lighting products before 2012, 2015 Started pilot and mass production of display products.
5. The direction of e-paper technology browsing “E-publication has become a fashionable reading method and gradually accepted by people. People hope to develop a low-power, high-reflectivity, wide-viewing angle, ultra-thin and lightweight portable display. Electronic paper display technology The emergence of (E-Paper technology) has made this hope a reality and has enabled flat panel display technology to open up space for application in the field of media products.
Electronic paper can be divided into electrophoretic display, cholesteric liquid crystal display technology, bistable nematic liquid crystal display and electrowetting display technology.
At present, the mainstream product of electronic paper is electrophoretic display electronic paper, and the main supplier is E-Ink, a subsidiary of Taiwan Yuantai Technology (E-Ink International Holdings Corporation). Because its market share accounts for over 95%, it is in a monopolistic position. Market pricing power. In recent years, the price of display screens using electronic paper has also declined, but the rate is not large, and the driving force for price reduction is mainly to expand the market and compete with the iPad, rather than competition between peers.
Since the nanoelectronic ink display technology is still in the early stage of commercialization of color display, the main task at present is to perfect the color display technology and develop the market as soon as possible. Its technological development trend can be summarized as follows:
(1) Development of static display to dynamic display. At present, most of the electronic papers developed can only display monochrome static images. The development of products capable of realizing color display and dynamic images is an inevitable trend in the development of electronic paper. The response time of existing products is approximately 150-200ms, which is much slower than the 5ms of LCD displays. To improve the dynamic display of e-paper, it is imperative to increase the response time.
(2) Two-color display to color display development. It is one of the ways to realize colorization of electronic paper by implementing color display by layering color filters.
(3) Hard display develops toward flexible display. The a-Si TFT technology suitable for low-temperature processes is vigorously developed. Oxide semiconductor TFTs and organic TFTs are the direction of low-temperature process TFTs, and can be used as a breakthrough for electronic paper for flexible substrates.
(4) High cost to low production cost development. The low-cost production is mainly the development and adoption of roll-to-roll technology, which is completely different from the traditional flat panel display technology. The process is simple, the efficiency is high, the equipment is also cheap, and the production cost can be greatly reduced. It is the ultimate in electronic paper production. aims.
China's flat panel display industry outlook After the international financial crisis in 2008, DisplaySearch expects the industry revenue growth rate in 2011 to be only 4%, due to shrinking market demand, reduced capacity utilization rate, panel makers experiencing serious losses, shrinking and delaying new investment budgets. The global flat panel display industry is facing a reshuffle. This situation provides the possibility for Chinese companies that are less affected by the financial crisis to obtain technology transfer, expand production capacity, and leverage the opportunity to enter the high-end market. Mainland China has become the world's largest consumer market for flat panel displays. As technology is further upgraded, the consumption of LED-backlit TVs, 3D TVs, smart phones, and tablet PCs will boost industrial development.
Coupled with the increase in rural consumption capacity and the transition from analog television to digital television, the market will continue to have a catalytic effect. The market size in the next few years is still exciting. In the past two years, global industrial investment has basically been concentrated in mainland China. Although the localization of raw materials and basic components is not sufficient, the complete industrial chain in the back-end of the complete machine in mainland China, China's flat-panel display manufacturing companies have the inherent advantages of easy integration into the market.
Faced with opportunities, China's flat panel display industry also faces more challenges. In terms of technology, there are still gaps in the development of new technologies such as high resolution, low power consumption, and low cost; in terms of patents, due to the protection of core patent barriers, the development of industries in mainland China has been greatly constrained; environmental protection, electronic information, Products are developing in the direction of energy saving and green manufacturing. Technical requirements and thresholds are higher. The required technical R&D and investment are even greater. Talent pools, industrial chain support and other links are still weaknesses, and logistics and labor costs are rising. Brought new disadvantages.
In the face of opportunities and challenges, how to adhere to the scientific concept of development, formulate industrial policies in light of China's national conditions, do a good job of the "12th Five-Year Strategic Plan and industrial cluster layout, establish and improve a diversified capital market and financing channels, and give full play to the government's To guide and mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises, but also to optimize the industrial structure, properly centralize resources, avoid redundant construction, reasonably arrange industrial layout of different display technologies, complete production factors, improve the international competitiveness of leading enterprises, make full use of preferential policies, and do a good job Some technology upgrades and new display technology research and development break through the bottleneck of upstream equipment and materials in the industry chain, seize market differentiation, individualization and specialization needs, and China's flat panel display industry will have great potential.
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