Sunburn is a serious threat to apple leaves and weak pear trees, often leading to severe damage in orchards. According to surveys, the fruiting rate of apple trees typically ranges from 5% to 20%, while the leaf retention rate for pears is between 5% and 15%, with some cases reaching as high as 30%. Effective **pesticide** application is crucial in preventing further damage.
The main causes include poor tree structure, such as rot or root diseases, which weaken the tree's ability to withstand stress. Additionally, low soil moisture levels can lead to excessive transpiration during high temperatures. When the roots are unable to absorb enough water to compensate for this loss, it disrupts the water balance in the trees, resulting in severe leaf burn, especially in dry pear orchards. Moreover, the temperature inside fruit bags can be more than 10% higher than the ambient temperature, often exceeding 48°C, which significantly increases the risk of sunburn.
To prevent these issues, several measures can be taken. First, before the hot season begins, ensure the entire orchard is thoroughly watered. Planting grass between rows can help regulate soil temperature and reduce evaporation. Second, improve orchard management by increasing the use of organic fertilizers and applying more phosphate to promote deep root growth. This helps strengthen the trees and improves their resistance to high temperatures. It's also important to focus on pest and disease control to maintain overall tree health. Third, avoid spraying pesticides during peak heat hours. According to **China Pesticide Network**, it's recommended to avoid emulsion-based formulations and instead use powders, microemulsions, or water-based solutions whenever possible. These alternatives are not only safer but also more effective in reducing the risk of sunburn and other heat-related damages.
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