Today's market has become a buyer's market. With the internationalization of the market, competition among enterprises has become more intense. Due to the rapid development of technology, the life cycle of products is gradually shortened, resulting in diversified and personalized customer demand, the number of products to be customized is reduced, and shorter delivery time, lower cost, and better the quality of. This allows companies to customize the production of products that are economically efficient in mass production.
As a rapidly evolving manufacturing model, Mass Customization is trying to solve this problem. The basic method used in mass-customized production is to convert or partially convert the manufacturing problems of customized products into batch manufacturing problems through product reorganization and process reorganization, that is, to provide users with new and customized personalized products, while actual products are Mainly composed of standard modules.
In mass-produced production, the machine tool industry undertakes two tasks: (1) mass customization of the manufacturing device itself, which is a reconfigurable, module-specific manufacturing equipment. The combined machine tool and combined machine tool production line has initially reflected the idea of ​​mass customization. (2) Providing manufacturing equipment that is highly flexible, low in manufacturing cost, and capable of meeting the requirements of mass customization for other industries. In mass-produced production, although a large number of standard modules are combined into customized products, it is necessary to manufacture some special parts quickly and at low cost.
The modular manufacturing system (MPS) proposed by Rogers et al. is also a highly productive and reconfigurable manufacturing system that is important for mass customization.
Comparison of several production modes
The production modes commonly used in machinery manufacturing companies are as follows:
(1) Rigid automated production line: The production line in mass production divides the production process very finely, which is of great significance for improving productivity and ensuring product quality, but the system flexibility is poor, limited to a few products, and the production preparation time is long. Obviously, this rigid, highly automated production line does not meet the needs of users for product diversification and cannot meet the needs of mass customization.
(2) Cluster-type workshop: The cluster-type workshop performs organizational structure decomposition and machine tool layout according to the type of work. The advantages are greater flexibility, low efficiency, long production cycle and complicated management.
(3) Combination machine tool production line: Compared with the traditional rigid production line, the combined machine tool production line has greater flexibility and is more suitable for processing large batches of complex parts. For the implementation requirements of mass customization, there are still some problems: such as when the product structure has a large change, the equipment may be outdated and wasteful; it is not suitable for the production of small batch parts, which may make new The cost of the product remains high and lacks competitiveness; the delivery time of the equipment is relatively long and cannot meet the needs of users quickly.
(4) Flexible manufacturing system: Flexible manufacturing system is an automated processing method that uses system engineering, group technology and mechatronics technology to achieve multi-variety and small-scale production to achieve overall optimization. This is a comprehensive automatic machining system that can change a variety of machining objects by using CNC machining machines, automatic output devices, automatic replacement and storage of tools, fixtures and workpieces, and computer control systems; there is no fixed processing sequence and beats. A manufacturing system that automatically converts to another workpiece without machining downtime when machining a workpiece.
The problems in the flexible manufacturing system are: large investment, complicated system, difficult control and management, limited flexibility within a certain range, and only a certain type of parts can be processed.
(5) Unit manufacturing system and independent manufacturing island: Unit manufacturing system and independent manufacturing island are the processing of a certain type of parts, and the machine tools needed to process such parts are gathered together to reduce the logistics route and improve production. Efficiency and processing quality simplify production management and provide workers with more learning opportunities and more autonomy for workers. The unit manufacturing system and the independent manufacturing island are more suitable for the processing and manufacturing of a large number of similar parts in a multi-variety small-volume manufacturing enterprise.
(6) Virtual Enterprise: In order to solve the problem of custom-made product production with large-scale benefits, the advanced manufacturing technology plan in the United States regards agile manufacturing as the 21st century manufacturing strategy of the United States.
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