Analysis of key photovoltaic policies in 2017

National Energy Administration "Energy Technology Innovation" 13th Five-Year Plan
In January 2017, the National Energy Administration organized the “13th Five-Year Plan for Energy Technology Innovation”, which analyzed the development trend of energy technology and aimed to further promote the energy technology revolution, and defined the energy from 2016 to 2020. Development goals for new technology research and applications. In the field of new energy power system technology, we focus on high-ratio renewable energy distributed grid-connected and large-scale delivery technology, large-scale supply and demand interaction, multi-energy complementary utilization, distributed energy supply, smart distribution network and micro-grid, etc. Technology, achieve breakthroughs in energy storage technologies such as mechanical energy storage, electrochemical energy storage, heat storage, etc., improve the technical level of key equipment and systems of the power grid; master the key technologies of energy systems such as solar energy, wind energy and water energy To carry out the construction of marine energy and geothermal energy utilization demonstration projects to achieve large-scale, low-cost and high-efficiency development and utilization of renewable energy, and to support the strategic goal of non-fossil energy accounting for 15% in 2020. In the field of renewable energy utilization, research on the key technologies of 8MW-10MW land/offshore wind turbines, establish intelligent control systems and operation management systems for large-scale wind farms, break through the key technologies of industrialization of high-efficiency solar cells, and develop new solar cell technologies to continuously improve Energy conversion efficiency, economy and intelligence level of photovoltaic power generation system; Improve high-efficiency heat collection and system integration technology of large-scale solar thermal power stations, realize commercial operation of 100MW power station that can run all day; Develop hydropower development technology under complex conditions Research; development of marine energy, geothermal energy utilization key technologies and equipment research and development and demonstration projects. Focus on key technologies for new high-efficiency and low-cost photovoltaic power generation : research and development of new high-efficiency and low-cost photovoltaic cells, break through the key technologies of large-scale photovoltaic power plant design integration and operation and maintenance, and master the GW-level photovoltaic power plant cluster control technology. Research content: mainly develops solar cell industrialization technology including cadmium telluride, copper indium gallium selenide film, silicon thin film, large-scale flexible silicon-based thin film battery module scale production process research, and III-V compound battery, iron Electro-semiconductor coupled battery and ferroelectric-semiconductor coupling/crystal silicon laminate battery, perovskite battery, dye-sensitized battery, quantum dot battery, new laminated battery, selenium telluride battery, copper zinc tin-sulfur battery, etc. Research and exploration, focus on improving efficiency and reducing costs; researching multi-type distributed photovoltaic system design integration technology and demonstration, and carrying out research on design, control, operation and maintenance and grid-connected technology of large-scale photovoltaic power plants and photovoltaic power plant clusters. Interpretation: The 13th Five-Year Plan for Energy Technology Innovation focuses on the development of clean energy technologies. Among clean energy sources, solar power generation technology has also become a top priority, showing the future development prospects of solar power generation technology. At the same time, as one of the technical directions of photovoltaic power generation, part of the thin film power generation technology has become the key technology of new high-efficiency and low-cost photovoltaic power generation that this planning should focus on. In addition, the "Plan" also reflects the emphasis on grid technology to achieve large-scale clean energy consumption and reduce the rate of light. Notice of the National Energy Administration on the Trial Implementation of Green Energy Certificates for Voluntary Energy and the Voluntary Subscription System. In February 2017, in order to guide the green consumption of the whole society, promote the utilization of clean energy, and further improve the subsidy mechanism for wind power and photovoltaic power generation. The National Energy Administration plans to pilot the issuance of renewable energy green power certificates and voluntary subscriptions nationwide. Establish a voluntary subscription system for renewable energy green power certificates. The renewable energy green power certificate trading system is a major measure to improve the renewable energy support policy and the innovative development mechanism. It is conducive to promoting the efficient use of clean energy and reducing the direct subsidy intensity of the state's fiscal funds. It is active in rallying social consensus and promoting energy transformation. significance. Encourage government agencies, enterprises, institutions, social institutions and individuals at all levels to voluntarily subscribe for green power certificates on the national green power certificate issuance and subscription platform as proof of consumption of green power. According to the market subscription situation, the renewable energy power quota assessment and the green power certificate mandatory constraint transaction will be started as soon as possible from 2018 . Interpretation: On July 1, 2017, the National Energy Administration officially launched the Green Card subscription. In recent years, huge subsidies have caused new energy companies such as photovoltaics to be in a state of tight capital for a long time. Many enterprises have been in trouble due to subsidy arrears and even went bankrupt. Subsidy arrears are not a problem that can be solved overnight. For companies that are suffering from subsidies and are struggling with funding shortages, selling green certificates will be a viable option. According to the data released by the National Renewable Energy Information Management Center, as of September 11, 2017, the Green Card has sold nearly 21,000, including 43 corporate buyers, and the number of green certificates purchased is 18,950; For 1,357 people, the number of purchases reached 1,787, and the purchase amount was nearly 400,000 yuan. Photovoltaic power generation was included in the 2017 Central Document No. 1 on February 5, 2017. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council publicly released the "Opinions on Deepening the Structural Reform of the Agricultural Supply Side and Accelerating the Cultivation of New Momentum of Agricultural and Rural Development" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions" ), the guidance on rural development was given. The "Opinions" pointed out that it is necessary to implement rural new energy initiatives, promote photovoltaic power generation, and gradually expand the supply of rural electricity, gas and clean coal. Interpretation: This is the first time that photovoltaic power generation has been included in the Central No. 1 document. It can be seen that through the development of photovoltaic poverty alleviation and “photovoltaic + agriculture” mode, photovoltaic power generation has been promoted and applied in rural areas of China. With the construction of a new countryside centered on a new round of urbanization, the construction and renovation of a large number of new residential houses and old farmhouses has left a huge room for the development of ecological and energy-saving products, and the huge space for the application of photovoltaic products in rural residential roofs. Has appeared. In particular, the recent explicit national encouragement of photovoltaic power generation into the community and photovoltaic poverty alleviation policy has opened up a new world for a new round of photovoltaic applications. National Energy Administration's “Guidelines for Energy Work in 2017 ” In February 2017, the Energy Bureau researched and formulated the “Guidelines for Energy Work in 2017”. Vigorously develop solar energy. Continue to implement the "leaders" action of photovoltaic power generation, give full play to the role of market mechanisms, and promote the decline of power generation costs. Adjust the development layout of photovoltaic power plants, strictly control the new scale of areas with serious abandoned light, and suspend the construction of new photovoltaic power generation in provinces with a light rejection rate of more than 5%. Steadily promoted the first demonstration projects of solar thermal power generation. Actively promote the construction of photovoltaic and solar thermal power generation projects. During the year, it plans to start a new construction of 20 million kilowatts, with a new installed capacity of 18 million kilowatts. The project has been promoted in an orderly manner in some areas, with a project scale of 20 million kilowatts. Accurate implementation of photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects. Summarize the first batch of photovoltaic poverty alleviation engineering experience and organize the implementation of the second batch of photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects. Further optimize the layout of photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects, and give priority to supporting the construction of village-level poverty alleviation power stations. For village-level power plants with capital and grid access conditions, the installed capacity is not limited. Strengthen coordination and coordination of grid-connected consumption and cost settlement to ensure that project construction and operation are in place. During the year, it plans to arrange a photovoltaic poverty alleviation scale of 8 million kilowatts, benefiting 640,000 people who are building poverty-stricken households. Among them, the village-level power station has 2 million kilowatts, which benefits 400,000 people who have established a stable card; the centralized power station has 6 million kilowatts, which benefits 240,000 people who are building poverty-stricken households. Interpretation: 2017 energy work guidance on the basis of the energy development "13th Five-Year Plan" for the energy industry in 2017 development goals and tasks have made more detailed planning and guidance, for the solar industry, the "Opinions" clear The scale of photovoltaic power generation in 2017, and emphasized the development of photovoltaic poverty alleviation and photovoltaic front runners. At the same time, the "Opinions" clarified that for more than 5% of the provinces to suspend the establishment of new photovoltaic power generation scale, which has effectively inhibited the deterioration of the abandoned light limit. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, "Integrated Standardization Technology System for Solar Photovoltaic Industry" On April 25, 2017, in order to further promote the healthy and orderly development of the solar photovoltaic industry, and vigorously improve the guidance, regulation, guidance and guarantee of standards for industrial development, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology The organization has formulated the "Integrated Standardization Technical System for Solar Photovoltaic Industry". The notice pointed out that by 2020, China needs to form a scientific and rational, advanced technology, coordinated and coordinated photovoltaic industry standard system, basically achieve the full coverage of the basic standards and key standards of the photovoltaic industry, and generally meet the needs of the development of the photovoltaic industry. The photovoltaic industry comprehensive standardization technology system framework mainly includes basic general, photovoltaic manufacturing equipment, photovoltaic materials, photovoltaic cells and components, photovoltaic components, photovoltaic power generation systems and photovoltaic applications, and other seven major directions, 35 sub-categories. The PV industry comprehensive standardization technical system table covers national standards and industry standards, including existing standards, standards in revision, revised standards and standards to be studied, a total of 500. The basic general standards mainly include terms, definitions, logos, energy conservation and environmental protection, and safe production. There are 29 standard projects. The standards for photovoltaic manufacturing equipment mainly include material processing equipment, battery manufacturing equipment, component manufacturing equipment and testing equipment, and there are 57 standard projects. Photovoltaic materials standards mainly include semiconductor crystal materials, thin film semiconductor materials and substrates, process materials, electrode materials and packaging materials, and a total of 165 standard projects. Photovoltaic cells and component standards mainly include related performance requirements, test methods, etc., a total of 114 standard projects. The PV component standards mainly include general components, components for independent systems, and components for grid-connected systems. There are 45 standard items. Photovoltaic power system standards mainly include independent power generation systems and grid-connected power generation systems, with a total of 62 standard projects. The PV application standards mainly include photovoltaic buildings, photovoltaic lighting, etc. There are 28 standard projects. Interpretation: The rapid development has made it difficult for the various standards of the photovoltaic industry to keep up with the market. Without standards and norms, it is difficult for the industry to maintain good development. Under such circumstances, various types of materials, components and devices that do not conform to the standard have flowed into the market, making the quality problems of photovoltaic power plants in China frequently reported. Therefore, China's photovoltaic industry is currently in need of a set of authoritative, wide coverage, industry standards system that can meet the development of the industry. The "Solar Photovoltaic Industry Integrated Standardization Technology System" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is of great significance to the photovoltaic industry. The National Energy Administration's "Guiding Opinions on the Implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development" In July 2017, the National Energy Administration issued the "Guiding Opinions on the Implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions", together with this opinion, are also issued to the PV power plant planning indicators for the 13th Five-Year Plan period of each province. According to the data summarized in the above guidance, from 2017 to 2020, the newly installed capacity of PV power plants will be 54.5 million, and the new technology base will be 32 million. The total annual installed capacity will be increased. The scale will exceed 21GW. According to the guidance, the above-mentioned new scale corresponds to the planning indicators of the ground power station, and does not include the distributed photovoltaic power generation project, the village-level poverty alleviation power station, and the photovoltaic power station supporting the inter-provincial trans-regional transmission channel. . Seven provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Fujian, Chongqing, Tibet, and Hainan can manage the scale of PV power plant construction during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period in the region, according to the energy planning and market consumption of the region. Orderly construction is also not subject to the above-mentioned planning scale. Interpretation: Although the annual construction scale is as high as 21GW, it is unknown for all provinces and PV companies, whether they can act according to the plan under the constraints of subsidies and power cuts. Through the information conveyed by the guidance issued this time, it is not difficult to find that there are two main guiding principles for the allocation of ground power station indicators in the future: one is power consumption; the other is subsidy. For the former, the power system capacity will be used as the basis and premise for the annual scale determination and distribution project; for the latter, it will be mainly reflected by the project bidding method. In addition, the allocation of indicators has also greatly promoted the development of distributed photovoltaics and photovoltaic poverty alleviation. The Ministry of Finance “Administrative Measures for Bidding and Bidding of Government Procurement Goods and Services” In July 2017, the Ministry of Finance announced new “Government Procurement”. Measures for the Administration of Bidding and Tendering of Goods and Services (Order No. 87 of the Ministry of Finance, hereinafter referred to as “Order No. 87”), proposed a series of targeted measures to address the high quality, vicious competition and inefficiency of government procurement projects. Affected by social problems. Order 87 will come into force on October 1, 2017. In the next step, the Ministry of Finance will promptly introduce a supporting policy system. Improve the relevant supporting system, including a series of supporting institutional measures such as government procurement work procedures, agency management, evaluation expert management, and internal control management of government procurement activities. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Finance said that some "chaos" in the government procurement activities are not only the scientific and reasonable design of the government procurement system, the implementation of non-standardization and supervision is not in place, but also the imperfect external market environment and social credit system. Unsound problems also require the concerted efforts of all sectors of society. Interpretation: As we all know, the "lowest price bid" affects legitimate competition and reduces product quality, which has become an obstacle to revitalizing the real economy. The order of Decree 87 stipulates relevant solutions from the system design and implementation mechanism, strengthens procurement requirements and performance acceptance management, reduces illegal operation space and guarantees procurement quality, and will effectively curb the bidding of plastic track minimum price. In the photovoltaic industry, the “low-cost fight” that occurred in the second half of 2016 has damaged the healthy development of the industry to a certain extent. The latest pre-emptive plan also has regulations to prevent “low-price competition”. Notice of the National Energy Administration and the State Council Office of Poverty Alleviation on the Relevant Matters Concerning the Preparation of the "13th Five-Year Plan" Photovoltaic Poverty Alleviation Plan. On August 1, 2017, in order to accelerate the promotion of photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects and ensure the poverty alleviation effect of photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects, the National Energy Administration and the State Council The Poverty Alleviation Office issued a notice on matters related to the preparation of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Photovoltaic Poverty Alleviation. The notice pointed out that the poverty alleviation target should be accurately identified and the construction scale should be reasonably selected. For the village-level power station, the National Energy Administration and the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office, according to the needs of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) for poverty alleviation, determine the provincial (district, city) village-level power stations during the period of poverty alleviation. The scale of construction will be released in 2017. For centralized photovoltaic poverty alleviation power stations, the scale will be released in batches in batches, and will be included in the overall scale of photovoltaic power generation in each province (autonomous region, municipality). All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) are required to determine the type and scale of PV poverty alleviation construction according to their poverty alleviation tasks, grid access conditions, and government financing conditions, and submit them to the National Energy Administration as the annual PV poverty alleviation plan. Interpretation: As a special form of development of photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic poverty alleviation has always had a special development status in the industry. The development of photovoltaic poverty alleviation has played a role in the clean and public welfare of photovoltaic power generation, and played a decisive role in the development of photovoltaic power generation in rural areas in China. The rise of distribution and the poverty alleviation of photovoltaics have been closely related to the success of the vast rural areas in China over the years. This notice directly reflects the country's emphasis on photovoltaic poverty alleviation. In the future, PV poverty alleviation will continue to exist as a special development form of the industry, and will continue to bring new market breakthroughs for the entire photovoltaic industry. Notice of the National Energy Administration, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Certification and Accreditation Administration on Improving the Technical Indicators of Major Photovoltaic Products and Strengthening Supervision Work In August 2017, the National Energy Administration, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Certification and Accreditation Administration jointly issued the “Technology on Improving Main PV Products”. Indicators and Strengthening Notification of Regulatory Work. The "Notice" stipulates that since January 1, 2018, the PV product suppliers of photovoltaic power generation projects that are newly put into operation and connected to the grid shall meet the requirements of the "Regulations for Photovoltaic Manufacturing Industry". Among them, the market access threshold for photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon battery modules and monocrystalline silicon battery modules was increased to 16% and 16.8%, respectively. In 2017, the National Energy Administration directed the provincial-level energy authorities and the advanced photovoltaic power generation technology application bases organized by the municipal and county-level government departments to increase the photoelectric converter efficiency “leaders” technical indicators of polycrystalline silicon battery modules and monocrystalline silicon battery modules to 17 respectively. % and 17.8%. The "Notice" requires that the decay rate of polycrystalline components is not higher than 2.5% within one year, and the decay rate is not higher than 0.7% in the following years; the decay rate of single crystal components is not higher than 3% within one year, and the decay rate is not higher than 0.7% in subsequent years. The National Energy Administration, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Certification and Accreditation Administration regularly organize relevant units to conduct spot checks on the key technical performance of photovoltaic modules used in photovoltaic power generation projects, and the results of random inspections are announced to the public. The relevant departments shall announce the investment development enterprises and manufacturing enterprises whose key technical performance of photovoltaic products has not reached the market access standard; and guide the implementation of the advanced photovoltaic power generation technology application base project by the National Energy Administration, and entrust a third-party testing and certification institution to conduct the whole process technical monitoring and evaluation. When the project is completed and accepted, it is important to check whether the key technical performance of the PV modules meets the corresponding standards, and the acceptance results are announced to the public. Interpretation: For the photovoltaic industry, due to the existence of subsidies, the entire industry development lacks the process of survival of the fittest. After the technical indicators of photovoltaic products are improved, enterprises with backward technical strength will find it harder to reach the threshold of entry, but for enterprises with more advanced technology, it is an opportunity to show their competitiveness. This has a positive effect on the sound development of the photovoltaic market, enabling the photovoltaic industry to eliminate backward production capacity and enhance the overall competitiveness of photovoltaic power generation while reducing costs and increasing efficiency, under the guidance of policies such as subsidy reduction and front-runner planning. The National Energy Administration's Notice on Reducing the Tax Burden of Enterprises in the Field of Renewable Energy is to effectively reduce the value-added tax burden of renewable energy enterprises. The Notice emphasizes that taxpayers sell their own self-produced solar energy-produced power products. The VAT refund policy of 50% is extended from December 31, 2018 to December 31, 2020. The "Notice" clarifies that all local governments shall not charge renewable energy investment enterprises for resources such as resource transfer fees without legal basis, and shall not pass on social welfare investment that should be undertaken by all levels of government to investment in renewable energy investment enterprises or To share it, it should not force the renewable energy investment enterprises to extract income and help the poor. Local governments that have already collected resource transfer fees (or paid configuration items) for renewable energy development investment projects such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation, and solar thermal power generation shall complete the clearance within one year of the announcement. For photovoltaic enterprises, the "Notice" stipulates: 1. The policy of refunding 50% of the value-added tax on photovoltaic power generation products shall be extended from December 31, 2018 to December 31, 2020; 2. Photovoltaic power generation projects occupy cultivated land, PV arrays do not occupy the land, do not change the surface form, and are exempt from land acquisition tax; 3. Photovoltaic power generation projects using land construction within the scope of cities, county towns, towns, industrial and mining areas, and provincial government-approved If the scale of the town is not reached and the land is not built in the planned town, no urban land use tax will be levied; if the urban land use tax threshold is met, the part of the photovoltaic array that does not occupy the land and does not change the surface form, Excluding the occupied land area, exempt from urban land use tax. 4. The external supporting and transmission and distribution projects of various renewable energy power generation projects are all invested and constructed by the local power grid enterprises. In the past, the relevant power grid projects were invested and constructed by renewable energy power generation project units, and the power grid enterprises were evaluated according to the agreement or by third parties. Complete the repurchase within two years. The connection and transmission and distribution projects of renewable energy projects of power grid enterprises are all included in the cost range approved by the provincial grid power transmission and distribution price. 5. All localities should encourage banks and other financial institutions to lower the loan interest rate. For renewable energy project investment enterprises that achieve high-quality credit ratings, they encourage the interest rate to be lowered by 10% at the benchmark interest rate, and the loan can be appropriately extended for renewable energy power generation projects. Time limit and flexibility for repayment. Interpretation: After the rapid development in recent years, the goal of the photovoltaic industry to go online at a lower price has become closer and closer. However, the goal of achieving a cheaper Internet access is not so easy. What is needed is a further reduction in the cost of photovoltaic power generation. However, at present, the processes of various industrial chains in the photovoltaic industry are already very mature, and it is difficult to achieve cost breakthroughs in a certain link. Under this circumstance, reducing non-photovoltaic costs such as land and tax has become a top priority. The policy of extending the value-added tax is 50%, the tax exemption for land acquisition, and the prohibition of local government fees. These benefits have greatly reduced the cost of photovoltaic power generation and paved the way for the photovoltaic industry to achieve the goal of affordable Internet access. . Ministry of Land and Resources, State Council Poverty Alleviation Office, National Energy Administration "Opinions on Supporting Photovoltaic Poverty Alleviation and Standardizing Photovoltaic Power Generation Industry Land Use" On September 25, 2017, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office and the National Energy Administration jointly issued "Supporting Photovoltaics" Opinions on Poverty Alleviation and Standardization of Photovoltaic Power Plant Land Use (Guo Tu Zi [2017] No. 8, hereinafter referred to as “Opinions”), strengthen the support for photovoltaic poverty alleviation, further refine the management of land for photovoltaic power generation industry, and effectively strengthen the land for photovoltaic power generation projects. Supervision. In 2015, the Ministry of Land and Resources and other six departments jointly issued the "Opinions on Supporting the Development of New Industries and New Business Formats to Promote Public Entrepreneurship and Innovative Land Use" (Guo Tu Zi [2015] No. 5). It was clear that photovoltaic power generation projects use Gobi, For those unused land such as deserts and wild grasslands, the land use that does not occupy the land and does not change the surface form can be identified according to the in-situ category, which has played a positive role in promoting the development of the photovoltaic power generation industry. As the work of photovoltaic poverty alleviation continues to increase, the photovoltaic power generation industry continues to develop and puts new demands on land management. In order to deepen the supply-side structural reform, the Ministry of Land and Resources and other three departments jointly issued the "Opinions." The "Opinions" suggest that photovoltaic power generation can use unused land and must not occupy agricultural land; if it can use poor land, it must not occupy good land. It is forbidden to occupy permanent basic farmland in any way, and it is strictly forbidden to develop photovoltaic power generation projects in areas that are prohibited by relevant national laws, regulations and plans. The "Opinions" clarify that the photovoltaic power generation projects built in the poverty-stricken areas and the photovoltaic power generation projects within the scale of the construction of the national village-level photovoltaic poverty alleviation power stations determined by the National Energy Administration and the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office will be supported by the policy. If the photovoltaic array uses agricultural land other than permanent basic farmland, the nature of the original land may not be changed without destroying the conditions of agricultural production. The "Opinions" require that for the construction of photovoltaic composite projects using agricultural land other than permanent basic farmland, the provincial energy and land resources authorities shall propose construction requirements, certification standards and regulatory measures to avoid impact on agricultural production. . In the case of the use of photovoltaic square arrays other than permanent basic farmland, the requirements should be strictly imposed. The "Opinions" stresses that it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of land use for photovoltaic power generation projects. Except for the circumstances stipulated in the document, if the photovoltaic power station project hardens the ground and destroys the farming layer, it should be investigated and dealt with according to illegal land use. If the photovoltaic array that fails to be connected to the grid after the deployment and the project that is managed according to the agricultural land or unused land are not restored to the original state, the local energy authority shall clean up or order the rectification. If the project violates the regulations, the investment entity shall be included in the list of untrustworthy subjects in the energy field and implement joint punishment. The Ministry of Land and Resources will carry out special monitoring of various types of photovoltaic power station project sites in a timely manner according to the needs of industry management. Interpretation: The land issue has now become one of the main factors restricting the further development of the photovoltaic industry. News of photovoltaic projects being ordered to be dismantled due to illegal land occupation, illegal construction, and destruction of the natural environment are not uncommon. In August of this year, six photovoltaic power plant projects in Shandong Weishan were judged to be Weishan County illegal projects in the nature reserve, and were required to be dismantled. In this case, the photovoltaic industry has almost "talked about soil color change." At present, the development focus of the photovoltaic industry has shifted from the northwestern region to the central and eastern regions, and the central and eastern regions as China's densely populated areas will inevitably become more complicated. The "Opinions" once again clarify the rules for the use of photovoltaic power station construction, and relax the Photovoltaic poverty alleviation, the use of land by the benefit of the country, but also emphasizes that it is forbidden to occupy permanent basic farmland in any way, and it is strictly forbidden to develop photovoltaic power generation projects in areas that are prohibited by relevant national laws, regulations and plans. Notice of the National Energy Administration on the implementation of the “Leader in Photovoltaic Power Generation” program and the requirements for the construction of the leading base in 2017. In September 2017, the National Energy Administration issued the “Leader for Promoting Photovoltaic Power Generation” and the 2017 Leading Base. Notice on the construction of relevant requirements (hereinafter referred to as "notice"). According to the notice, it is planned to build no more than 10 application leading bases and 3 technical leading bases in this period, of which the application leading base and technical leading base will not exceed 6.5 million kilowatts and 1.5 million kilowatts respectively. Each province can declare up to 2 application lead bases and 1 technology lead base in each period, and complete grid-connected power generation by the end of 2018 and the first half of 2019. Different from the first two batches of “photovoltaic leader” bases, the third batch of “photovoltaic front runners” bases are divided into application leading bases and technology leading bases. The two bases have different construction modes. From the perspective of investors' requirements, the focus of the application of the leading base is the on-grid price, which requires investors to choose the photovoltaic products that reach the leading technical indicators, and will use the electricity price lower than the local photovoltaic power generation benchmark price by 10% as the entry point for the enterprise bidding. The technology leading base mainly highlights the advanced nature of research and development technology and market application prospects, that is, investors are required to be the most advanced photovoltaic manufacturing enterprises, which are jointly or jointly owned by a photovoltaic power generation investment company (photovoltaic manufacturing enterprises must be controlled). The base project investment enterprise, the base project implements the on-grid price of photovoltaic power generation benchmark. The newly-launched technology-led base is mainly aimed at cutting-edge technology products that can be promoted and applied by photovoltaic enterprises independently and developed but not yet mass-produced. The specific difference from the application-leading base is that, from the perspective of technological advancement, the application-leading base uses leading-edge technology products in the market application field, and the technology-led base uses cutting-edge technologies or breakthrough technology products that are independently developed and not yet applied in the market; From the point of view of product manufacturing, the technology-led base adopts products that have not yet been built into production lines and formed production capacity. For advanced technology products with existing production lines and capacity, it is not supported. The notice stated that the National Energy Administration will increase supervision over the whole process of the construction and operation of the leading base with relevant parties, and establish and improve the system of regular release of base construction and operation, work incentives and blacklists, and disciplinary punishment. Bases, enterprises, equipment manufacturers, and local governments that have not fulfilled their policies and service commitments will not be notified of the competitiveness of photovoltaic products (including component conversion efficiency, attenuation rate, system efficiency, etc.). The leading base project shall not be transferred during the whole construction period. It is forbidden to transfer the base project without authorization, and the base enterprises that fail to meet the construction and acceptance due to their own reasons (including the photovoltaic manufacturing enterprises with the technology leading base), and all enterprises belonging to the enterprise group system are prohibited from participating. Follow-up lead base investment construction. In the case of serious cases of untrustworthy circumstances in the above cases, it shall be handled according to the industry blacklist or the relevant provisions of the national credit system. In order to prevent the malicious low-price competition of the enterprise as much as possible, the new front-runner base clearly declares that the lowest electricity price is less than 5 cents per kilowatt-hour of electricity per second in the bidding process, and it is directly judged that it is not allowed to be selected. Interpretation: The third batch of front-runner bases have improved the front-runner plan from the classification, planning, supervision and management, incentives and rewards of the base, ensuring the advanced nature of the front-runner project and the guiding nature of the industry. At the same time, the fairness of the adjustment of the efficiency requirements of polycrystalline components and single crystal components and the avoidance of vicious low price competition are also reflected. The existence of a technology-led base has made those photovoltaic frontier technologies have a stage to showcase, which has great significance for the future development of the photovoltaic industry. The newly-emerging incentives and punishments not only cater to policies such as photovoltaic power generation acquisitions, but also greatly stimulate the enthusiasm of enterprises, and ultimately promote the comprehensive leadership of related projects in terms of technology and quality. In general, based on the experience of the first two batches of leading base construction management, the construction of the third batch of leading bases has a more complete deployment and system, highlighting the binding role of land, environment, safety and electricity prices, and is the “leader”. The long-term development of the plan laid the foundation and has a guiding role that cannot be ignored. Summary From the above key policies issued by the country in 2017, we can find that the country's determination to develop solar power generation is as always, and its support is increasing. At the same time, however, relevant policies have begun to place more demands on the industry, such as the specification of industry standards, the requirements of technological innovation, and so on. Overall, the 2017 PV policy emphasizes the following points: 1. Discarding the issue of power curtailment. Since 2015, the problem of blackout and power cut has deteriorated, which has had a very bad impact on the industry. It not only dampens the enthusiasm of corporate investment, but also causes enormous waste of resources. Starting from the 2016 Safeguards Acquisition Policy, the state began to comprehensively address the issue of power cuts and power cuts through policy mandatory requirements, including the allocation of new construction scale indicators, the reporting of the leader base and the light-return rate. Mandatory means are effective to prevent the deterioration of the problem of power cuts. The data for the first half of this year shows that China’s light rejection rate has been eased for the first time in the past three years, which is inseparable from the specific implementation of national policies. 2. Vigorously develop photovoltaic poverty alleviation. From the aspects of the allocation of construction scale indicators, tax relief, and relaxation of land use, PV poverty alleviation can be said to have won the support of the state. It can be seen that the goal of completing the construction of 2 million filed poverty-stricken households' poverty alleviation projects by 2020 is not just to talk about it. In addition, under the adjustment of the country's construction scale indicators and the favorable policies, PV poverty alleviation will become a way out for centralized photovoltaic power plants that are currently in the bottleneck of development. 3. Technical innovation requirements. From the "13th Five-Year Plan" of technological innovation, to the improvement of the technical indicators of major photovoltaic products, and to the emergence of the technology leader base, the country's intention to accelerate technological innovation in the industry is very obvious. Nowadays, it is not far from 2020. To achieve the goal of affordable Internet access, the industry needs more efforts, the most important of which is technological innovation. At the same time, the new technical requirements will accelerate the integration of the industry, eliminate backward production capacity, eliminate those enterprises that rely only on subsidies and have no technical strength, effectively promote the growth of the photovoltaic market, and enhance the overall competitiveness of photovoltaic power generation in the future. In addition, the formulation of standard specifications, the support for distributed, the regulation of land use, the upgrade of the front-runners, and the policies issued by the state echo each other, which greatly guarantees the healthy development of the industry. Finally, the implementation of the green card system also shows that the state has long-term considerations for subsidy arrears. In general, the various policies issued by the state will escort the future development of the photovoltaic industry.

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