Classification of exterior wall insulation materials by material shape:
1. Loose insulation materials include slag, expanded vermiculite, mineral wool, rock wool, expanded perlite, sawdust, and rice husks. These materials are typically used in areas where vibration is not a concern and are not suitable for structural envelope applications due to their lack of form stability.
2. Panel-type insulation materials are commonly made from either loose insulation or synthetic materials such as polyester and rubber. Examples include mineral wool boards, slate, foam plastic boards, cork boards, and organic fiberboards like wood panels, particle boards, straw boards, and sugarcane boards. In addition to foam concrete slabs, these materials combine the properties of loose insulation with easier processing and installation, making them more practical for construction use.
3. Integral insulation materials are typically created by mixing loose insulation materials with binders and then pouring or spraying them onto surfaces. Common examples include vermiculite concrete, expanded perlite concrete, fly ash ceramsite concrete, clay ceramsite concrete, pumice concrete, slag concrete, and others. These materials retain some characteristics of their original loose forms but offer better structural integrity and ease of application. Most of them are classified as Class A non-combustible materials, making them ideal for fire safety applications.
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