A non-toxic propellant developed by the California Air Force Research Laboratory to replace single-propellant hydrazine has been verified by NASA for use in spacecraft. This propellant was originally called AF-m315E and is now called Advanced Spacecraft Energy Non-toxic Propellant (ASCENT), which can replace toxic hydrazine in various spacecraft.
The verification work was carried out under NASA's "Green Propellant Import Mission" (GPIM), which was launched about a year ago. This ASCENT propellant is a "green" alternative to existing toxic programs, but it and its related propulsion systems have never been actually used before. According to NASA, this is the first time ASCENT has been proven suitable for future space missions.
According to NASA, ASCENT does not require a separate oxidizer to burn, it is safer to handle and use, and it does not require a full set of protective clothing when handling hydrazine. This also makes ASCENT lower processing costs compared to hydrazine, and it also provides overall higher performance.
The space agency said that lower cost and higher performance paved the way for space missions that could last longer or travel farther, assuming that these future spacecraft are equipped with the new "green" propellants required hardware. This is the meaning of NASA's GPIM test.
At this point in time, NASA has almost completed all technical demonstration goals related to proving that ASCENT can be used for its space missions and commercial aviation launches. NASA plans to conduct a Lunar Flashlight mission, which will involve a small spacecraft using the propellant.
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