The anodizing process of sulfuric acid takes aluminum as the anode and puts it in the sulfuric acid electrolyte. The process of forming the anodized film on the surface of aluminum by electrolytic action is called anodization of aluminum sulfate. Because of the low current efficiency of sulfuric acid AC anodizing, the oxide film has poor corrosion resistance and low hardness, so it is rarely used. At present, domestic and foreign widely used sulfuric acid direct current anodizing, compared with other acid anodizing, has obvious advantages in terms of production cost, oxide film characteristics and performance: 1. Low production cost; 2. High transparency of the film; 3. Good corrosion resistance and wear resistance; 4. Electrolytic coloring and chemical coloring are easy.
The chromic acid anodizing process The chromic acid anodizing process was developed earlier by Bengough and Stuart in 1923. The chromic acid oxide film is much thinner than the sulfate oxide film and the oxalic acid oxide film, and generally has a thickness of only 2 to 5 μm, and can maintain the accuracy and surface roughness of the original component. The film is opaque, has a low porosity, is difficult to dye, and can be used without sealing. The solubility of chromic acid solution to aluminum is small, so that the residual solution in the pinholes and crevices has little effect on the corrosion of components. It is suitable for the surface treatment of castings, rivets, and machined parts. The process is also used in military equipment. The surface treatment of aluminum alloy aerospace components in the United States, Russia, and the United Kingdom is generally performed using this process. In addition to the protective effect of chromic acid oxide film, it can also be used as a means to check the quality of parts, such as pinholes and cracks on the parts. In the processing operation, the tan-colored electrolyte will flow out of it. Easy to find by people in time.
Oxalic Acid Anodizing Process The oxalic acid anodizing process was widely used in Japan and Germany as early as 1939. Since the oxalic acid electrolyte has low solubility in aluminum and oxide films, the oxide film has low porosity, and the corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and electrical insulation of the film are better than that of the sulfuric acid film. However, the anodic oxidation of oxalic acid is expensive, generally 5 to 10 times that of the anodizing of sulfuric acid; oxalic acid is reduced to glycolic acid at the cathode, and the anode is oxidized to carbon dioxide, so that the stability of the electrolyte is poor; the color of the oxalic acid oxide film is easy to follow Process conditions change and change, so that the product produces color, so the process is subject to certain restrictions in the application, generally only used in special circumstances such as the production of electrical insulating layer, daily necessities such as surface decoration. Oxalic acid is commonly used as an additive in sulfuric acid electrolytes to relax the anodizing temperature and facilitate the production of thick films. Generally, in sulfuric acid electrolytes, the amount of oxalic acid added is 10-15 g/L, which can make the oxidation temperature from the original not exceed 20°C. Relaxed to 22°C, the addition of oxalic acid makes the electrolyte's ability to dissolve the membrane relatively weak, and thus can increase the film formation rate to some extent.
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