China's cultivated land heavy metal pollution increased by 10%, commercial rice cadmium exceeded the standard

In 2011, the Ministry of Environmental Protection announced that the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Heavy Metal Pollution" had been approved. The plan targeted 14 provinces and regions, including Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, and Qinghai, marking them as key areas for action. Just months after the "cadmium rice" crisis in May, concerns over soil contamination due to heavy metals began to surface more prominently. Recently, the Ministry of Land and Resources released a report indicating that China is mapping out areas affected by heavy metal pollution, revealing that the problem has expanded significantly and now affects densely populated regions in the eastern part of the country. A Hidden Investigation In 2006, the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Land and Resources launched a nationwide soil pollution survey. Local environmental monitoring stations were given detailed instructions, using GPS guidance to collect samples in a grid system of 4x4 square kilometers. By the end of 2008, over 213,754 soil and agricultural product samples had been collected, generating 4.95 million data points. A national database was established, laying the groundwork for future research. In 2009, the Ministry of Environmental Protection compiled a comprehensive report on the findings, along with several special reports and technical guidelines. However, despite investing over one billion yuan, the results of the survey were never made public. In 2013, Beijing lawyer Dong Zhengwei filed a request for government information disclosure, asking for access to the data, methodology, causes, and solutions related to the soil pollution survey. The Ministry of Environmental Protection refused, citing "state secrets." Disturbing Statistics The Ministry of Land and Resources has publicly stated that approximately 12 million tons of grain are contaminated with heavy metals annually, resulting in economic losses exceeding 20 billion yuan. These contaminated grains could feed over 40 million people each year. According to Xinhua News Agency, from 2009 to 2012, there were more than 30 major heavy metal pollution incidents across the country. A 2010 study conducted by the China National Rice Research Institute and the Ministry of Agriculture's Quality Supervision and Testing Center found that about one-fifth of China’s arable land is contaminated with heavy metals. Researcher Chen Tongbin from the Chinese Academy of Sciences estimates that around 10% of cultivated land nationwide is polluted. In Hunan Province alone, 28,000 hectares of land are affected by heavy metals, making up 13% of the province’s total area. Heavy Metal Pollution in China's Arable Land Cadmium and arsenic are the most prevalent pollutants. According to the China National Environmental Monitoring Center, cadmium, mercury, lead, and arsenic are among the most serious heavy metal contaminants. Researcher Chen Tongbin noted that cadmium and arsenic account for about 40% of all contaminated arable land. The Environmental Remediation Research Center at the Chinese Academy of Sciences highlighted that large amounts of arsenic slag have been discarded in areas like Liannan, Guangxi, and Nanchang, Hunan. This has led to crop contamination with arsenic levels hundreds of times higher than national standards. Similarly, the China Rice Research Institute reported that cadmium-contaminated farmland spans 25 regions across 11 provinces, with southern provinces like Hunan and Jiangxi being particularly affected. A 2010 study by Nanjing Agricultural University found that about 10% of commercially available rice exceeded cadmium safety limits.

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