Floor heating, also known as underfloor heating, is commonly used in residential and some commercial spaces where geothermal systems are installed. There are various types of wood flooring available in the market, including solid wood composite flooring, laminate flooring, and bamboo flooring. However, solid wood flooring is generally not recommended for use with floor heating due to its sensitivity to temperature and humidity changes. If solid wood flooring must be used in a heated environment, the installation process needs to be strictly controlled to prevent issues like cracking or warping.
Modern advancements have introduced plate pre-compression stress technology, which helps mitigate the risks associated with floor heating. Under normal conditions, the surface layer of the flooring is subjected to pre-compression stress, counteracting the tensile forces that occur when exposed to geothermal heat. This balance prevents cracks from forming on the floor's surface.
However, not all solid wood composite or laminate floors are suitable for floor heating. Those without pre-compression technology may experience cracking, warping, or cupping due to unstable moisture levels and temperature fluctuations. To ensure durability and performance, consumers are advised to choose well-known brands such as Living Home or Jiusheng for solid wood composite flooring, and Filinger, Icon, or Living Family for laminate options.
Many consumers hold misconceptions when selecting flooring for geothermal systems. For example:
1. **Thicker is Better**: Some believe that thicker surface layers provide better quality and longevity. In reality, thicker layers increase the risk of deformation and cracking due to expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes. In Korea and Japan, geothermal floor coverings are typically 0.3 mm thick, while many Chinese manufacturers produce 0.6 mm boards. Thinner layers are more stable in heated environments. If a thick (3–4 mm) multi-layered floor is chosen, it should be narrower than 70 mm or placed in an environment with controlled humidity to reduce deformation.
2. **Grooved Backside is Better**: Some think that grooving the back of the floor improves heat circulation. However, this creates air pockets, which slow down heat conduction since air conducts heat less efficiently than wood. A denser and more compact backside ensures better thermal transfer.
3. **Moisture Barrier Should Be Perforated**: Some installers cut the moisture barrier into small sections to allow "breathing," believing it improves heat transfer. This is incorrect. The ground cement beneath the floor usually has a moisture content of at least 17%, and during heating, moisture evaporates. A damaged moisture barrier allows moisture to reach the floor, causing delamination, bubbling, or paint peeling. It’s crucial to fully seal the moisture barrier with plastic tape to prevent these issues and maintain proper heat conduction during winter.
By understanding these factors, consumers can make informed choices and avoid common pitfalls when selecting flooring for geothermal systems.
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