The Ministry of Agriculture announced on Thursday that it has approved the import of genetically modified (GM) soybean varieties developed by BASF Agrochemicals Co., Ltd. and Monsanto Far East Co. Ltd. These include herbicide-tolerant soybean CV127, insect-resistant soybean MON87701, and a dual-resistant variety MON87701×MON89788. The approval allows these GM soybeans to be imported for processing purposes, following the completion of a comprehensive safety review in accordance with China's strict regulatory framework.
The evaluation process took approximately three years, ensuring thorough testing and compliance with national standards. According to Peng Yufa, a researcher at the Institute of Plant Protection under the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and a member of the Agriculture Genetically Modified Organism Committee, the safety of these GM soybean varieties has been confirmed through rigorous assessments. These products have already received approval in their countries of origin, including the United States, Japan, and the European Union. Additional environmental and food safety tests were conducted in China to ensure they meet local requirements before final approval.
Peng also emphasized that the decision to import GM soybeans is driven by market demand rather than any policy restrictions. With China’s domestic soybean production falling short of the country's needs, imports remain essential. Currently, over 50 million tons of soybeans are imported annually, while the total sown area for soybeans in China is about 120 million mu. Given the limited arable land, reliance on international supplies is unavoidable.
In addition to the newly approved varieties, five other GM soybean types, such as Roundup Ready GTS40-3-2, have already been cleared for use as processing materials. Despite this, public concerns about the long-term effects of consuming GM foods persist. While some experts argue that current evaluation systems are sufficient to ensure safety, others call for continued monitoring of potential long-term impacts.
Experts like Zhang Huizhan, a biochemistry specialist, acknowledge that GM foods are safe at the point of production but stress the importance of ongoing research into their long-term health effects. On the consumer side, many are unaware of the distinction between GM and non-GM soybean oil. In fact, nearly 90% of soybean oil sold in China comes from genetically modified sources, often priced lower than non-GM alternatives.
According to Liu Jingliang, a market analyst from Beijing, most consumers prioritize price over origin. Non-GM soybean oil is rarely purchased due to its higher cost. Labels on GM soybean oil clearly indicate its genetic modification status, helping consumers make informed choices. With import prices averaging around 8,100 yuan per ton—significantly cheaper than domestic soybeans—the economic advantage of GM soybeans continues to drive their dominance in the market.
Overall, while the regulatory process ensures safety, the widespread use of GM soybeans highlights the complex interplay between science, policy, and consumer perception. As China continues to rely on imports, the debate over genetically modified crops remains a critical topic in both agricultural and public health discussions.
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