The external thermal insulation system is a method of firmly placing a water-repellent, low-shrinkage thermal insulation material on the outside of a building wall by bonding or anchoring, and constructing a decorative layer on the outside. In the residential project, there are several popular external thermal insulation technologies such as polyphenylene granule slurry external wall insulation, polystyrene board thin plaster external wall insulation, and on-site die-casting rigid polyurethane exterior insulation.
(1) Construction conditions
The base wall shall pass the structural acceptance and acceptance. If the old wall surface has to undergo necessary treatment, it can be constructed. When the wall has water, it can't be directly constructed. The ambient temperature is not lower than 5 °C. It can't be constructed in windy or rainy days above level 5. The doors and windows or auxiliary frame have been installed. Various pipelines, embedded parts, brackets, etc. related to the external wall have been installed in place, and the room for external insulation is reserved. The pull of the outer scaffold has been moved to the door and window opening.
(2) Polyphenylene granule slurry external wall insulation construction procedure and method
1. Base wall treatment: remove the attachments, remove the floating ash, oil stains and other materials that affect the bond strength.
2. Coating interface mortar: According to TS201: 32.5 cement: medium sand = 1: 1.1 ~ 1.2: 1 ~ 1.2 ratio, evenly mix and smear, no additional water, no leakage.
3. Scouring ribs, ash cake: rib width 50 ~ 70mm, spacing 1000mm, thickness and thickness of the insulation layer.
4. After the coating, the insulation layer polystyrene particle exterior wall insulation material is wiped for 2 hours. First wipe the first insulation layer, the thickness is about 30mm, it is not suitable to pull back and forth, for the corner of the corner, from the outside to the inside, the fish scales are rough. When the surface is pressed by hand, the second time is applied, the surface is first flattened with a scraper of Aluminum Alloy, and then flattened with a wooden trowel. The flatness is checked by 2m long and the control is within 4mm. The stirring time of the polystyrene granule insulation material is not less than 3 to 5 minutes, and the insulation material that has been mixed is used up within 3 hours, and the protective layer is applied after 3 to 7 days.
5. Wipe the protective layer: According to TS20R: 32.5 cement: medium sand = 0.6 ~ 0.8: 1: 3 mix well, no additional water is allowed. Two times of plastering, the total thickness is controlled to about 3 ~ 5mm, the glass fiber mesh cloth should be buried in the surface layer, according to the design of the outer wall divider.
6. Apply flexible putty: apply 1 or 2 times by scraping or roller coating, and apply elastic waterproof coating after the putty is dry.
7. Acceptance: The surface should be free of empty drums, cracks, no skin, no flat joints, and the joints, windows, etc. are well sealed.
(III) Polystyrene board thin plastering external wall insulation construction procedure and method
1. Base wall treatment: external thermal insulation construction of polystyrene pellets.
2. Line layout: According to the vertical angle of the building, the vertical line is used or the vertical line is released by the theodolite, as the reference line, the vertical angle of the vertical angle is controlled, and the horizontal line is ejected at each layer to control the level of the insulation board. A polystyrene board with a minimum size of ≥300 mm is applied to the corners of the entire wall.
3. Prepare a special binder: The slurry is stirred with a hand-held electric mixer for about 5 minutes until the consistency is moderate. Ensure that the polymer mortar has a certain viscosity.
4. Coating interface agent: In order to increase the bonding force between the polystyrene board and the base layer and the protective layer, the interface agent should be applied on the surface of the polyphenyl board, and then the polymer mortar is used as the binder or protective layer.
5. Paste and overturn mesh: In the expansion joint, the settlement joint, and the exposed side of the polystyrene board at the door and window opening, the grid should be turned over.
6. Paste the polystyrene board by the strip method: use a steel trowel to apply a width of 50 mm around the side of each polystyrene board that has been coated with the interface agent, and gradually thicken the special polymer mortar from the edge to the middle, the thickest part 10mm, then apply 9 points of plum blossom on the polystyrene board to ensure that the bonding area of ​​the polystyrene board is 30% to 50%.
7. Immediately after applying the ash, stick the polystyrene board to the wall and squeeze it with a 2M ruler to ensure that its vertical, flatness and bonded area meet the requirements. Do not rub the bonding mortar at the touch point. After each piece is attached, the extruded mortar should be removed in time. The plate and the plate should be tightly packed, and there should be no seams. When the plate is over 1.5mm, the polystyrene plate is used for filling. The height difference of the seam is not more than 1.5mm, otherwise it will be smoothed by the sander.
8. The construction polystyrene board should be horizontally pasted, and the upper and lower rows of polystyrene board should be vertically offset by 1/2 board length to ensure that the minimum wrong seam size is not less than 200mm. At the corner of the wall, the size should be arranged first, and the polystyrene board should be cut so that it is vertically staggered when pasted to ensure that the corners are straight and vertical.
9. Install the fixing parts: After the polystyrene board is firmly attached, the fixing parts are generally installed after 24 hours, and drilled with impact drill according to the position required by the design, the anchoring depth is 50mm, and the drilling depth is 60mm. Anchor spacing should be uniform, generally about 5 per square meter below 7 layers; 8 to 18 layers (including 18 layers) about 6 per square meter; 19 to 28 (including 28 layers), about 9 per square meter; 29 About 11 layers per square meter above the floor. When the veneer on the wall is a tile, the fixture needs to be upgraded by one level. Any single board with an area greater than 0.1 square meters must be fixed, depending on the shape and site conditions. Fixation of the fixed parts: the corners of the corners, the mouths of the doors and windows should be encrypted, the edge of the base layer should be no less than 60mm, and the spacing should be no more than 300mm.
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