During the process of storage, transportation, sale and use, the feed is prone to mildew, and the growth and reproduction of mold contaminated feed not only consumes nutrients in the feed, but also reduces the quality of the feed, reduces the feed remuneration, and Caused by diarrhea, enteritis and digestive abilities, decreased lymphatic function and other symptoms, can cause serious death, so foreign feed manufacturers and researchers, attach great importance to the research and application of anti-mildew technology. In recent years, there are mainly the following types of feed anti-mildew technologies used in China and foreign countries.
1 Radiation Sterilization
After the feed is pulverized or granulated, it will infect some pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella and E. coli. American researchers will feed the chickens with 10GP gamma rays and store them in an environment of 30 ° C and 80% relative humidity for one month. The molds will not multiply; the unradiated chick feeds will be stored under the same conditions and at the same time. After mildew occurs, the radiation feed can achieve sterilization effect and can be stored for a long time without deterioration.
2 Add mold agent
There are many feed anti-fungal agents used abroad, such as potassium iodide, calcium iodate, calcium propionate, formic acid, seaweed powder, and citrus peel ethanol extract. According to research by Japanese scientific and technical personnel, a mixture of various anti-mold agents is better. They mix 92% seaweed powder (waka powder or kelp powder) with 4% calcium iodate and 4% calcium propionate, according to 8%. The added amount is added to the feed, and it is placed in an environment of 30 ° C and 100% relative humidity, and will not be mildewed within one month; and the feed without the antifungal agent will be mildewed in 5 days; one of them is added The antifungal agent feeds mold on 10 to 15 days. Therefore, Japan mixes seaweed powder and calcium iodate to make a high-efficiency feed anti-fungal agent.
3 Using mildew proof bags
The feed mold-proof packaging bag invented by Japanese researchers can ensure that the packaged feed does not undergo mildew for a long time. The feed mold-proof packaging bag is composed of polyolefin resin, which contains 0.01% to 0.50% vanillin or ethyl group. Vanillin. Since the polyolefin resin film can slowly evaporate vanillin or ethyl aldehyde, and penetrate into the feed, it can not only prevent mildew, but also has aroma, and can make the feed suitable for the taste of the animal, the outer layer of the bag, It is also covered with a film which prevents the diffusion of vanillin or ethyl vanillin. The content of vanillin or ethyl vanillin in the polyolefin resin is at least 0.01%, preferably about 0.50%. If the content is low, the mildew resistance is poor; if the content is too high, it will affect the formation of the film.
4 chemical disinfection and radiation combined with mildew
Researchers in the former Soviet Union believe that the first chemical disinfection of the feed, followed by radiation, not only sterilization, anti-mildew effect, but also improve the vitamin D content of the feed. They pulverized the feed to Φ2mm, added 1.2% of the feed weight of ammonia or 2.0% of propionic acid or 2.0% of formic acid for chemical treatment, and under continuous tumbling conditions, using ultraviolet light with a strength of 120kJ/m. Irradiation can reduce the growth and reproduction ability of microorganisms in feed by 99.8%, and the long-term storage will not be mildewed. The amount of vitamin D in the feed is also increased to 180mg/kg, which is more effective than chemical sterilization alone or radiation sterilization alone. Much better.
5 control fungal genetic code
The feed moldy is contaminated by aflatoxin two fungi and parasitic Aspergillus. To prevent aflatoxin biosynthesis, the fungus can be genetically altered to lose the aflatoxin-producing enzymes. Fungi that have been altered by the plant can successfully compete with unaltered Aspergillus to control aflatoxin contamination of the feed.
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